Dr. Seyed Mohammad Taghi Hossaini ; Vice chancellor for Scientific researches  at Goharshad University, is pursuing an answer to the question: Can someone commit evil without being evil themselves? This difficult question leads Hannah Arendt, a German thinker, on a quest to find an answer in Jerusalem and the trial of Adolf Eichmann. Over fifty years have passed since the publication of "Eichmann in Jerusalem," a report on the banality of evil, and this report is still considered one of Hannah Arendt's most controversial works. Arendt believes that we prefer to be defeated by a monster born out of darkness rather than by an ordinary human being because in this way we consider ourselves less guilty. In this book, Arendt speaks about the emerging evil that originates not from individual wickedness but from the bureaucracy of modern times; horrific and widespread crimes that are supported by law, a corrupt power that guarantees the survival of citizens and provides a foundation for their professional and social progress but empties their existence of thought and conscience. In these circumstances, any ordinary person can commit a crime without even thinking for a moment about the meaning and horrific consequences of their actions or sitting in judgment of their own deeds. The interpretation that Arendt presents in her report about Adolf Eichmann is based on this idea and challenges the common assumption that figures like him are "monsters." Arendt believes that true justice requires complete disclosure, including self-disclosure; justice, from her perspective, is not just about determining punishment but also an effort to understand how political systems manipulate observers and even turn victims into accomplices. Arendt believes that becoming victims does not absolve people from examining their own role in tragedy or relieve them from worrying about becoming oppressors themselves.